1 in 200 adults over the age of 30 may be silently living with ulcerative colitis, a disease that is often misdiagnosed or ignored. Recognizing these subtle warning signs can help you avoid serious health complications.
What is ulcerative colitis?
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a persistent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that primarily affects the colon and rectum. The main features are persistent inflammation and the formation of ulcers along the lining of the colon and rectum.
This disease is one of the two main types of IBD, the other being Crohn's disease, and it's important to distinguish between them because they have different features and affect different parts of the digestive tract.
In ulcerative colitis, inflammation usually starts in the rectum and then progresses to the colon. UC ranges in severity from mild to severe, and there may be periods of remission, when symptoms improve or disappear completely, followed by flare-ups, when symptoms worsen.
5 Subtle Warning Signs
While these symptoms may be mild and easy to ignore, they should not be ignored, especially if you have risk factors such as a family history of UC or fall within the typical age range for onset (30 to 40 years old). Here are some subtle warning signs to watch out for:
- Persistent abdominal pain
One of the most common early symptoms of UC is persistent abdominal pain or discomfort. This pain is often crampy and usually occurs in the lower abdomen, especially on the left side. They may come and go, but if they last for a long time, you need to see a doctor. Don't confuse recurring stomach pain with normal digestive problems.
- Blood in the stool
Perhaps one of the most worrying signs is the presence of blood in the stool. UC causes inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the colon, which can lead to rectal bleeding. This bleeding usually appears as bright red or maroon blood, and you may see it on the toilet paper or in the toilet after use. It is important not to ignore this symptom and contact a doctor immediately.
- Frequent diarrhea
While there are many reasons for occasional diarrhea, including nutritional intolerance or infection, persistent and chronic diarrhea is a warning sign of ulcerative colitis. This type of diarrhea is often accompanied by abdominal cramping, a strong sense of urgency, and a feeling that your bowels are not completely emptying. If you find yourself needing to go to the bathroom frequently and this continues for more than a few days, it is important to seek medical advice.
- Unexplained weight loss
Even if your eating and exercise habits have not changed, unintentional weight loss can be a warning sign of a number of health problems, including ulcerative colitis (UC). Chronic inflammation of the colon caused by UC can interfere with nutrient absorption and lead to weight loss. If you notice significant weight loss without actively trying anything, it is recommended to contact your doctor for a checkup.
- Fatigue and weakness
Ulcerative colitis can cause fatigue and a general feeling of weakness, which is often related to the body's inflammatory response to the disease. If you feel unusually tired and weak, this may be a subtle sign of ulcerative colitis, especially if accompanied by other digestive system symptoms.
Risk factors
The exact cause of ulcerative colitis is unknown, but there are several known risk factors. Knowing these will help you assess your risk and take steps to prevent it:
- Family history
If a family member has ulcerative colitis, you are at an increased risk of developing the disease. Since ulcerative colitis has a genetic component, you are more likely to be affected if a close relative has the disease.
- Age
Ulcerative colitis usually presents in early adulthood, with most cases occurring between the ages of 30 and 40. If you fall into this age group, it is important to watch for possible warning signs.
- Race
Ulcerative colitis is more common in certain ethnic groups, including Caucasians and Ashkenazi Jews. Although anyone can develop the disease, your ethnicity can affect your risk.
- Smoking
It may be surprising, but smoking appears to reduce your likelihood of developing ulcerative colitis. However, if you are a smoker and are considering quitting, it is important to understand how this decision may affect your risk, which can have both positive and negative effects.
Why Early Detection Is Important
Early detection of ulcerative colitis (UC) is important because it can have a significant impact on how you feel and your long-term health. Prompt diagnosis allows for immediate implementation of effective treatment strategies that can relieve symptoms, induce remission, and reduce the risk of complications associated with the disease. Neglecting early intervention can lead to severe inflammation, damage to the colon, and an increased risk of colon cancer.
Additionally, uncontrolled symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding can significantly interfere with daily activities and social interactions, and lead to emotional distress and decreased well-being. By detecting and treating ulcerative colitis early, those affected can better manage the disease, minimize its impact, and enjoy an overall better quality of life.
Prioritize Your Well-Being
Ulcerative colitis is a challenging disease that can significantly impact your life, but early detection and treatment are key to living well with ulcerative colitis. If you are over 30 and experience persistent stomach pain, blood in your stool, frequent diarrhea, or unexplained weight loss, don't ignore these subtle warning signs.
Always consult a doctor who can provide you with an accurate diagnosis and develop a treatment plan tailored to your individual needs. With proper care and attention, you can successfully manage ulcerative colitis and enjoy an improved quality of life.
